After you have connected Outlook and Salesforce, you will see a Salesforce pane inside email messages composed through your Outlook.  There is a tiny pushpin icon at the top of the pane, click it to keep the pane available whenever you send or receive messages. 

When you compose an email, Salesforce will automatically look to see if the contact email address exists in Salesforce.  If it does, the side pane will show you the connection. 

Click Log Email on Send, this will present you with options on where within Salesforce to log a copy of the email.  The example below shows there are 2 records available to match, a contact record and an account record.  Select the record you want to connect the email to is selected. Then compose your email and send normally. 

When an email comes into your Outlook inbox, you can send a copy of it over to Salesforce using the same side pane.  If you do not see the side pane, from within the email click on Message in the top left bar. It will display the Salesforce Cloud icon in the Tool Bar. You may need to expand the email to full size to view. 

Select the Contact, Account or Case record you want to connect the email and click Log Email.  Documents attached to an email will also be sent over to Salesforce. 

To verify an email was logged in Salesforce, go to the Account, Contact or Case record in Salesforce and look at the Activities bar. You should see an envelope and the title of the email that was sent.

If an email is logged incorrectly and needs to be removed from the system, submit a Salesforce support request. 

**NOTE: Saved email messages can be viewed by anyone with access to the record where it is attached.